Archean oge |
Oge nchebe Proterozoic |
Oge Paleozoic |
Oge Mesozoic |
Ankylosaurus
Ankylosaurus : "pangolin gbara agba" "pangolin soldured."
Oge ndụ: njedebe nke oge Cretaceous - ihe dị ka nde 74-65 afọ gara aga
Sita: Ugbo ulo
Ihe n'okpuru: Ankylosaurs
Njirimara nke ankylosaurs:
- jere ije n’ụkwụ anọ
- rie ahihia
Ejiri ngwa agha kpuchie azụ site na ọdụ ruo n'isi
Ọnụọgụ:
ogologo 10 - 11 m
ịdị elu - 2,5 mita
aro - 4 tọn.
Nutrition: dinosaur herbivorous
Nchoputa: 1908, USA
Ankylosaurus dị adị n'ezie tank nke oge Mesozoic. Ngwá agha dị ike kpuchitere ahụ ya, na ọdụ ọdụ ahụ, enwere mkpuchi nke ọkpụkpụ. Ankylosaurus dị ize ndụ nye ndị na-eme ihe ike ike ọchịchị aka ike ma obu albertosaurus. Ankylosaurus nwetara aha ya maka nkwanye ugwu e ji mara ya, nnukwu nkọlọ nke ọgịrịga ndị dị n'elu (na Grik, na-achagharị).
Nwepu na aru ahu:
Ankylosaurs - nnukwu dinosaurs na-agagharị na ụkwụ anọ dị mkpụmkpụ ma dị ike. Ahụ ankylosaurus dị ogologo na ụgbọ ala nkịtị.
Ahụ ankylosaurus ahụ dum, ma ọ bụ akụkụ ya dị elu site na isi ruo n'ọdịdị, nwere ụdị dịgasị iche iche nke uto nke okpukpu, okpukpu na ọkpọka. N'okpuru ebe a na-enweghị nchebe nke dinosaur. Nke a bụ adịghị ike nke ankylosaurus. Na mgbakwunye na shei |
Dinosaur na-ele anya dị ka nke dị larịị ma ọ ga-adị ka nduru ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị maka ọdụ ya dị ike nke nwere nnukwu ọkpụkpụ dị na njedebe. Ọkpụkpụ nke dinosaur ya na nwanyị nwere na njedebe mebere mmegharị ahụ dị na ọdụ ọdụ ahụ.
Nchedo:
Ankylosaurus bi n'otu oge dinosaurs dika tyrannosaurus na albertosaurus. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi akụrụngwa dị otú a. Ankylosaurus bụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe a na-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche site n'elu. Nyere uto nke therapist ọgwụ nke oge ahụ, echekwabara ankylosaurus ahụ.
N'ịchọpụta ihe ize ndụ ahụ, ankylosaurus malitere ịgbachitere onwe ya ozugbo. Brainbụrụ ankylosaurus pere mpe. Ya mere, a bụrụ ihe dị egwu, ọ nwere ike ibuso theropod agha na-akpaghị aka.
Dinosaur tụgharịrị n'akụkụ onye ahụ na-ebuso ya agha wee chere ọdụ ya-nwanyị n'akụkụ wee gaa n'akụkụ obere oge wee tie. N’otu ụdị mbibi ahụ, ankylosaurus enweghị ike ime ka o doo ndị na-eri mmiri anya na o yighị ka ha ga-eri nri ehihie ebe a, mana merụọ onye merụrụ ahụ ahụ nke ukwuu. Site na otu ọrịa strok, ankylosaurus nwere ike ịnwe ọkpụkpụ ma ọ bụ mebie akụkụ ahụ nke dinosaur nwere ike ime.
N'agbanyeghị ụdị ihe iyi a, ankylosaurus enweghị ntụpọ. Eziokwu bụ na ekike agha kpuchie nanị ọkara nke elu nke dinosaur. Echebe afọ nke ankylosaurus. Ọ bụrụ na ndị na - eri anụ nwere ike ịtụgharị ankylosaurus n'azụ ya, ọ gaghị enwe ohere nzọpụta.
Ma ịtugharị dinosaur nke nwere tọn 4 abụghị obere ọrụ.
Ndụ:
Akara dinosaurs na herbivorous na-ebikarị usoro ndụ. Nke a na - enyere ha aka ichebe onwe ha pụọ na dinosaurs. Ruo ugbu a, ndị na-amụ maka okike achọtabeghị nchịkọta nke mkpokọ nke ankylosaurs, dịka ọmụmaatụ ya na triceratops. Eleghị anya, ankylosaurs biri na nke ha.
Ankylosaurs nwere ike ịnwe ụmụ ole na ole. Na ngwụcha nke Cretaceous, nke a ghọrọ nsogbu nkịtị maka dinosaur niile. Dị ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si kwuo, nke a bụ n'ihi mgbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi.
Ndị toro eto na-agba agba nwere ike ịdị ogologo ndụ, n'ihi na ihe agha na spikes ha mere ka ọ bụrụ ihe a na-agaghị emeri. Ezigbo nchedo bu isi ihe na - eweta oganihu.
Ihe omuma nke aru
Ke akpa ilekiri, ankylosaurus, ma ọ bụ kama nke ahụ ya, yiri pine cone nke yi uwe mbeji. N’ozuzu, a na-eji mma agha kpuchie dinosaur site na isi ruo n’ọbọ nke na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-agagharị, nke na -ebelata ọsọ nke ije, ma na - enye nchedo nke ukwuu. Ahụ dị ezigbo ogologo, nke nwere ike ịkarị ogologo na ụgbọ ala ugbu a.
Akụkọ nchoputa
- N’afọ 1900, Brown chọtara osteoderms asaa nke 77 n’ime usoro nke Lance, Wyoming, nke eburu ụzọ hie ụzọ dị ka onye ọchịchị aka ike.
- Na oge mbụ ihe foduru nke ankylosaurus (lat. Ankylosaurus) onye Cachen na - achịkọta fosil chọpụtara Peter Caysen n'oge njem ọhụhụ nke American Museum of Natural History nke Barnum Brown butere n'usoro usoro nchekwa nke Hell Creek, Montana, USA.
- Kọwaa Brown kọwara ya ụdị ụdị (holotype) na 1908. N'ime holotype (AMNH 5895), a hụrụ akụkụ nke elu nke okpokoro isi, ezé abụọ, vertebrae ise, 11 dorsal vertebrae, caudal vertebrae atọ, aka nri aka, ọgịrịga na osteoderma.
- N'afọ 1910, Brown buliri njem ọhụrụ n'usoro ụlọ ọrụ Skollard, Alberta, Canada jisiri ike chọpụta ihe nlele gụnyere gụnyere nke mbụ na nke nwanyị na njedebe ọdụ ọdụ ahụ, nke ihe ankylosaurus ahụ. Otu kilomita site na ebe a na 1947, ndị na-anakọta ihe mkpofu Charles Mortram Sternberg na T. Potter Chamney chọpụtara okpokoro isi na agba nke ankylosaurus. Nke a bụ okpokoro isi dinosaur mara mma (AMNH 5214) okpokoro isi zuru oke, aka ekpe na aka nri, ọgịrịga isii, vertebrae caudal asaa nwere njikọ aka, aka ekpe na humerus aka ekpe, ischium ekpe, femur, fibula aka nri na ogwe aka anụ ahụ.
- N'ime afọ 1960, achọpụtara vertebrae caudal ise, osteoderma, na ezé na Hell Creek, Montana guzobere.
- Ihe nlere sitere na foto:
AMNH 5866: 77 efere osteoderm na obere osteoderm,
CCM V03: ngalaba nke fused caudal vertebrae,
NMC 8880: okpokoro isi na ọdụ aka ekpe.
- A na-esite na Grik sụgharịa akụkụ mbụ nke aha mkpụrụ ndụ ihe dịka "agbatị", "gbagọrọ agbagọ" - ntụaka maka ankylosis, nke nkwonkwo na-etolite n'ihi ọgbụgba ọkpụkpụ. Ntughari ozo nke ankylosaurus nke Brown mebere di iche na nke ugbua, ebe obu na okachasi onye oka mmuta n’oru ya bu Stegosaurus na glyptodon.
Ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ
Ankylosaurus bụ onye nnọchi anya ezinụlọ ya. Ọ bụ ụkwụ nwere ụkwụ anọ, nke nwere ụkwụ ogologo karịa nke ihu. Ahụbeghị ọtụtụ ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ, gụnyere imirikiti ọkpụkpụ pelvic, ọdụ na ụkwụ, ahụbeghị. Holotype nke dinosaur nwere akụkụ dị elu nke okpokoro isi, ezé abụọ, akụkụ nke eriri ubu, vertebrae site na ngalaba niile, ọgịrịga na ihe karịrị 30 osteoderms. Ubu ubu ya ruru okirikiri iri isii na ise n’ogologo na okpo osisi akpọrọ akpọrọ. Otu ụdị gụnyere okpokoro isi na obere akpa, ọgịrịga, ọkpụkpụ aka, nwanyị, na osteoderm. Mkpụrụ humerus nke atụ ahụ dị mkpụmkpụ, obosara, ihe dịka 51 cm. Femur nke otu ihe nlele di ogologo, dikwa ike, ogu cm 67. Uzo ukwu nke ankylosaurus nwere mkpisi aka ato, dika ndi ezi na ulo.
Usoro ntụpọ nke akụkụ akwara na-ahụkarị (lee foto na foto) nke ankylosaurus buru ibu. Ogologo ha di elu karie site na mbu rue vertebra nke ikpe azu. N'ihu usoro nke nkpuru osisi na - eme ntunye (oghere nke njikọ ma ọ bụ akaị), nke gosipụtara ọnụnọ n'oge ndụ nke akwara dị ike nke na - akwado nnukwu isi nke dinosaur. Ahụ to dorsal ya dị obosara karịa ogologo ya, usoro ha na –emekwa mkpụmkpụ dị mkpụmkpụ ma dịkwa warara. Usoro ndị a nweburu akwara ndị gbara agba vertebrae ọtụtụ. Nke ikpeazụ dị n'etiti ibe ha, nke na-egbochi ije azụ. Obi ankylosaurus sara mbara. Enwere akụkụ metụtara akwara dị na ọgịrịga ya. Ọgịrịga nke vertebrae anọ nke ikpeazụ na-ejikọ ha. Ozu nke caudal vertebrae bụ amphicelic (na - agbasi ike na ihu na nke).
Ọdịdị okpokoro isi
Ugwu dinosaur abuo a ma ama di iche dicha iche - ihe akaebe nke ihe di iche n’etiti ndi mmadu, tinyekwara n’ili olili ma onwu gasia. Okpokoro isi buru nnukwu ibu, akụkụ atọ dị na ya. N'ihu, e nwere ọkpụkpụ amịrị site na premaxillary ọkpụkpụ. Orbits dị okirikiri ma ọ bụ nke ugba elu. Anya adighi ya anya nke oma n’akuku akuku ya, dika okpokoro isi warawara nkukota onu. Igbe okpokoro isi dị mkpụmkpụ ma dị ike.
Nnukwu anya dị na oghere anya ahụ nwere mpi pyramidal mepụtara site na ọkpụkpụ scaly. A na-eduzi ha azụ na elu. N’okpuru mpi dị elu bụ nke dị ala, nke ọkpụkpụ zygomatic kpụrụ. A na-eduzi ha azụ na azụ. N'elu okpokoro isi enwere caputhegules (ọkpụkpụ dị larịị, ọkpụkpụ na-ekpuchi ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi). Formedkpụrụ nke ha mepụtara dịgasị iche iche maka ụdị dinosaur ọ bụla, mana ụfọdụ nkọwa zuru ebe niile. N'oghere imi ahụ dị n'etiti oghere ahụ, n'etiti oghere imi dị n'ihu enwere nnukwu rhomboid ma ọ bụ hexagonal caputegula, n'elu oghere anya nwere oghere abụọ, na n'azụ okpokoro ahụ, enwere mkpọchi ihu.
Akụkụ nke isi nke skull (rostrum) bụ arched ma ghari n’ihu. Ọkpụkpụ imi ahụ dị mma, na-eduzi ya ma n'akụkụ ya. A naghị ahụ ya anya n'ihu, ebe ọ bụ na paranasal sinuses nwere akụkụ akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ premaxillary. Nnukwu loreal caputegulum nke nwere oghere n'akụkụ oghere ndị ahụ gbasara oghere oghere nke oghere imi. N'ime ha, septum dị n'ime ahụ na-ekewapụ akụkụ dị iche iche n'imi imi na sinuses. E nwere mmehie ise na akụkụ nke ọ bụla nke rostrum, nke anọ gbatịpụrụ na ọkpụkpụ agba. Ogige nasals nke ankylosaurus dị ogologo ma kewapụ onwe ha site na septum nwere oghere abụọ.
Ọkpụkpụ agbaji na-agbatị n'akụkụ. Ha nwere combs maka ijikọ cheeks. Otu n'ime nyocha a nwere ezé 34-35 na akụkụ ọ bụla nke agba agba. Nke a karịrị ndị otu ezi na ụlọ. Ogologo oge ezumike bụ cm 20. N'ebe dị nso na alveoli ebe ezé kwesịrị ịdị, a na-ahụta ndụmọdụ nke ezé ndochi. Akpukpo obere dinosaur dị obere n’ogologo ya. Ọ bụrụ na e legharịa ya anya n'akụkụ, dent ahụ kwụ ọtọ ma ghara idozi ya. Edebere obere nkenke 41 cm n'ogologo naanị n'obere anụ ahụ. Ezughi oke - na sample kacha. Enwere ezé 35 n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke ihe atụ mbụ, yana 36 n'aka nri .. Ebe ezé ahụ dị mkpụmkpụ. Ezé - dị obere, nke nwere akwụkwọ, nke na-adọta akụkụ, karịa obosara. Na ngwụsị ahịrị, ezé na-agbada azụ. Otu akụkụ nke okpueze dị larịị karịa nke ọzọ. Nke a bụ ihe e ji mara atụ ankylosaurus. Ezigbo ezé nke ezé dinosaur buru ibu, site n'ihu - site na 6 ruo 8, site na azụ - site na 5 ruo 7. Chọọ slide nwere eserese oyiyi nke ezé ankylosaurus na gallery.
Nchedo akuko
Ihe agha Ankylosaurus mejupụtara osteoderms - cones na plates - outgrowths ọkpụkpụ na anụahụ. Achọpụtaghị ha na usoro ọkpụkpụ na ọkpụkpụ nke ọkpụkpụ, mana ntụnyere ndị ọzọ na ezi na ụlọ nyere aka weghachi ọnọdụ ha na ozu nke dinosaur. Thedị na ogo osteoderms dị site na 1 ruo 35.5 cm. Osteoderms obere na ntinye dị n'etiti ndị buru ibu. E nwere nchịkọta abụọ gbara gburugburu n'olu dinosaur, ọ bụ ezie na iberibe adịghị ama ha. Ha kpuchie olu na ọkara mgbanaka. N'elu nke ọ bụla, ụzọ isii dị okirikiri nwere okpokoro isi.
Osteoderms na azụ ozugbo n’azụ ihe ndị ana - eme ọnụ bụ otu nha. Mgbe ha dayasịrị belatara ọdụ. Ọdịdị nke anụ ahụ dị n'akụkụ akụkụ ahụ ya abụọ karịa nke a na-eme. A na-ahụkarị ogwe ndị ọzọ n'akụkụ akụkụ nke akụkụ pelvic na ọdụ. Onweghi, osteoderms nke edobere anya na nke dọwara adọwa dị n’elu ihu.
Nwanyị na njedebe nke ọdụ nke dinosaur nwere nnukwu osteoderms abụọ, nke dị n'etiti ọtụtụ nke obere na ụzọ abụọ n'elu. Ha na-ezo ozu vertebra ikpeazụ. A maara Mace n'otu oge. Ogologo ya bụ 60 cm, obosara - 49 cm, ịdị elu - cm 19 nke nwanyị nke ogo ankylosaurus bụ ogo nke obosara 57cm. Mgbe a na-ele ya n’elu, ọdịdị nke nwanyị dinosaur bụ semicircular. Ikpeazụ caudal vertebrae na - etolite “hilt” nke klọb. Enweghi uzu agha di n'etiti ha, ha no feere ma megharia ha. E kpopụrụ ụkwụ nke vertebrae n'ihu nwanyị ahụ, na-eme ka usoro ahụ sikwuo ike. Ọkpụkpụ mbọ ụkwụ nwere ike agbaji n'ihi nwanyị site n'aka nnukwu anụ. Ankylosaurus nwere ike ịnagide ọdụ ya n'akụkụ n'akụkụ n'akụkụ ogo 100.
Anodontosaurus, Euplocephalus, Scolosaurus, Ziapelt, Talarur, Nodocephalosaurus.
Kwuru ya na katọn
- Akwụkwọ nke ndị ọrụ dọkụmentị "Nchọpụta: Agha nke Dinosaurs", 2009, na usoro 3 "Ndị na-agbachitere"
- Ejiri usoro “Dinosaur Train”, 2009-2017 Ankylosaurus aha ya bụ Hank pụtara ugboro atọ n'usoro ahụ. Ọ bụ onye kachasị mma egwuregwu dinoball.
- Eserede nke inobọchị Ikpeazụ nke Dinosaurs, 2010. A tyrannosaurus na-alụ ọgụ ankylosaurus. Mgbe meteorite ahụ dara, ọtụtụ ankylosaurs nwụrụ n'ihi oke ikuku nke anwansị. Ankylosaurus onye agụụ na-agụ na nkụda mmụọ na otu triceratops maka oke ohia nọ naanị ya. Ọrịa ọgbụgba merụrụ ahụ na-ada ma na-egbu ankylosaurus a.
- Akwụkwọ obere Dinosaur Era ", 2011, na usoro nke anọ nke" Ọgwụgwụ nke Egwuregwu "
- ihe nkiri "Jurassic World", 2015. A otutu ankylosaurs na-agbanahụ Indominus rex. Otu n'ime ha gbagwojuru gyrosphere na dike. Onye na-eri ihe jidere, fepu ma gbuo otu ankylosaurus.
- ihe nkiri ahụ "Jurassic World 2", 2018. Ankilosaurus gbapụrụ ọsọ na ugwu mgbawa ma daba n'oké osimiri. A na-ebuga anụmanụ anọrọ echekwa na mkpọchi Lockwood maka okushon.
- usoro ihe omume “Isoro ndị Dinosaurs”, 1999, n'usoro 6 nke "Ọnwụ ndị eze"
- ihe nkiri a bụ "Jurassic Park 3", 2001. Na ngosipụta.
Akwụkwọ Akwụkwọ
- Encyclopedia in Augmented Reality "Dinosaurs: Site na Compsognath ruo Ramforinh"
- "Isi mmalite nke paleontology (na mpịakọta 15), olu 12. Amfibians, nnụnụ nnụnụ, nnụnụ", 1964, p. 575-576
- Dinosaurs maka ụmụaka "
- Joachim Opperman, “Dinosaurs” site na usoro “Gịnị bụ Gịnị”, 1994, p. 11, 34-35
- Bailey Jill, Seddon Toney, Prehistoric World, 1998, p 111
- Michael Benton, Dinosaurs, 2001, p. 38, 56, 60
- David Burney, The Illustrated Dinosaur Encyclopedia, 2002, peeji nke 165
- Johnson Ginny, “Ihe niile gbasara ihe niile. Site na Diplodocus ruo Stegosaurus ”, 2002, p. 52-53
- L. Kamburnak “Dinosaurs na anụmanụ ndị ọzọ gwụrụla”, 2007, p. 50-51
- Dougal Dixon, World Encyclopedia nke Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Creatures, 2008, 381
- Gregory Paul, Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs 2010 na 2016 na peeji nke 234-235 na 265
- Tamara Green, “Dinosaurs Complete Encyclopedia”, 2015, p. 66-69, 226, 249
- K. Yeskov, “patụ paleontology. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụwa na ndụ ya ", 2016, p. 179-180
- D. Hawn, “Ihe E Mere nke Tyrannosaurus Rex. Ọmụmụ ihe banyere ndu na mgbanwe nke ọmarịcha anụ ụwa ”, 2017
- D. Nash, P. Barrett, “Dinosaurs. Afọ 150,000,000 chịrị n’elu ụwa, n’afọ 2019
Ama egwuregwu
- Warpath: Jurassic Park, ụdị: egwuregwu ọgụ, 1999. A na-ewepụta Ankylosaurus na ọdịiche atọ: ọcha, odo na agba.
- Ogige Jurassic: arụ ọrụ Jenesis, ụdị: simulator akụ, 2003. Na-ahọrọ gburugburu ebe ikuku. Nwere ike sonyere na duels na a tyrannosaurus. Nwere ahụike kachasị elu na egwuregwu - 1600 kụrụ isi.
- Zoo Tycoon 2: Anụmanụ dị anya, ụdị: simulator akụ na ụba, 2007. Does jighị nwanyị maka nchekwa, mana ọ nwere ike ibuso ndị ọbịa agha. Enwere ike ịgba ọsọ. Jiri nwayọ gbuchaa ndị na-eri anụ ọkara obere.
- Dinosaur King, ụdị: arcade nke Nintendo DS, 2008
- Jwa Jurassic: Egwuregwu ahụ, ụdị: simulator mobile, 2015. Dinosaur dị ụkọ. Enwere ike ịgafe Ankylosaurus na diplọsis ma nweta ngwakọ.
- "Saurian", ụdị: edinam, 2017. Ndị na-agba mgba na enweghị ike ịkwụ ụgwọ, n'okpuru njikwa AI. Mgbe onye ọkpụkpọ na-abịaru ya nso, o ji nwanyị na-emegharị ọdụ ya. Nwere ike igbu site n'ịgbaghara ya ọtụtụ ugboro n'olu.
- ARK: vlanahụ mgbanwe, ụdị: la simulator lanarị, 2017Ankylosaurus nwere ike ịzụta ma gbaa ịnyịnya, ma ọ bụrụ na ị ga-enweta saddle ziri ezi.
- Jurassic World Evolution, ụdị: simulator simenti, 2018