Oxtails so n'ụkpụrụ ahụhụ Hymenoptera. Ha nwere ogologo cylindrical ahu, nke atughariri n’azu, nke nwanyi nwere ihe puru iche, oge ufodu ovipositor di ogologo. Isi gbara ya gburugburu, ngwa a na-eme ọnụ ya, emeela nke ọma. Igbe ahụ bụ cylindrical, na-abụkarị convex si n’elu. Nku ya na agbachapụ agbachapụ agbachasị agbacha agbacha, mgbe ụfọdụ gbara ọchịchịrị na ntọala, na njiko ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ nku ya, anaghị agbakarị ọchịchịrị n'akụkụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu ahụ dum. Skwụ na-agba ọsọ, chitinized, jikwa ezé, spurs na claws. Nnukwu paịlị na-agba 5-oge. A na-anọdụ afọ, akụkụ nke mbụ na-akpọchi na obi tinyere ụgbọelu niile nke ngalaba obe. Akụkụ nke iri na-ebelata, na nke asatọ na nke itoolu na-etolite ikpo okwu na nchekwa nke ovipositor.

Àkwá na-acha ọcha oval-elong sheil rolu translucent. Larvae dị ọcha nke nwere odo, cylindrical, S-S ụdị, nke dị n'akụkụ akụkụ ihu abụọ, yana ukwu atọ nwere ụkwụ atọ, yana usoro dị nkọ na njedebe nke afọ.

N'iji ovipositor mee ihe, nwanyị na-egwupụta ahịhịa ahụ ma tinye akwa n'ime nkụ 1-3 iberibe. n'otu ebe na warara n'ogwe ahụ. Onye na-ahụ maka cattail na-echetara ilu a na-eji arụ ọrụ ala. Ọ mejupụtara nku abụọ, nke nwere mkpịsị oblique na transverse nwere ezé dị nkọ na ọwa. Femalemụ nwanyị na-etinye ovipositor n'ime osisi ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke osisi ahụ ruo omimi nke 1-2 cm ma gbazee akwa maka akwa ahụ, na-etinye nkeji 3-5 na arụ ọrụ a. A na-ekunye sọlfọ kachasị mma nke etolite na usoro a site na sistemu ọwa mmiri a. Nke mbu, a na - chikota ya site na “sawdust” ma nyefee ya ozugbo gaa na “sawdust transmit”, site na ebe ha na aga “sawdust”, bu nke putara n’èzí.

N'ebe ogwe osisi ahụ nke ebe ovipositor nke cattail rapaara, ọ bụ nanị ntakịrị ọnya na-apụta. N'ihi ya, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume ịchọpụta ọnụnọ nke àkwá na ọdụ ọdụ ha kpọrọ nkụ n'osisi. Larvae na –eme ngagharị n'ime akpati ahụ, na - eme ntụ ọka, na ụmụ obere ka ọ dị afọ 1-2, ka ụmụ ahụhụ etolite etolite etolite ma na-amịcha oghere n'ogwe osisi ahụ, site na nke ọ na-ahapụ osisi ahụ ka ọ bụrụ di ma ọ bụ nwunye.

Cragtails na-efegharị site na June ruo Septemba. Ọgbọ 1-2 afọ. Ndị okenye anaghị agafe nri ndị ọzọ.

Oxtails na-eme ọtụtụ ihe mmebi nke teknụzụ, na-adọpụtakarị ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nkụ niile nke osisi. Osisi ndị a kụrụ akụ juru ebe nile, mana ọtụtụ ụdị na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma nwee ike ibuso osisi ndị ahụ ike, na-ahọta ihe ndị mebiri emebi. Lifestylezọ ndụ zoro ezo na-eme ka ọ ghara inweta ohere iji mụọ ya ma yabụ ihe ọmụmụ nke ọtụtụ ụdị amabeghị nke ọma. Ka osi di, achoputara na onwu ha buru oke ibu na osisi jikọtara ha na mmetụta nke ihu igwe (oke ikuku na - eme ka ogwe ndị ahụ na - ekpo oke ọkụ, wdg) na ndị iro. N'ime ha, nnukwu ichneumonids nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa Rhyssa na ukpa Ibalia leucospoides Hoch bụ nke kachasị dị irè.

Nwa cattail na-acha anụnụ anụnụ (Sirex ermak Sem.). Ahụ ya dị gịrịgịrị, dị gịrịgịrị. Isi, obi na afọ bụ nwa na-acha nchara nchara. Ogologo oge nwanyi dị 15-25 mm, nke nke nwoke bụ 15 mm. Nwa nwa ahu na-acha ọcha, cylindrical, ya na spain sclerotized na njedebe nke afọ.

Kesara n'ime ọhịa taiga nke Siberia. Ọ na-emebi larch, fir, spruce, paini. Ọ na - eme ka ngwaahịa nke ọhịa jupụta n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe na ebe a na - egbutu ya, na - eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na - enweghị atụ. Edu ndu dika nke nkpuru mbu.

Nwa cattail (Xeris spectrum L.). Ahụ dị gịrịgịrị, ogologo, ogologo, cylindrical. Agba ahụ bụ oji. Skwụ nwere odo-acha ọbara ọbara, afọ dị aja aja-oji. Nku nku ya na edo edo edo edo na mpaghara isi awọ n’eniri nku di na isi ya. Ovipositor dị ogologo, ihe karịrị ugboro 1.5 karịa ogologo anụ ahụ. Ogologo oge ụmụ nwanyị (na-enweghị ovipositor) bụ 15-30 mm, ụmụ nwoke 12-28 mm. Nwa nwa ahu na-acha ọcha, cylindrical, na-akwụtụ ọtọ, akụkụ ahụ nke afọ na-ebu nnukwu ọnya na-apụta nke ọma.

Speciesdị ahụ juru ebe niile na USSR, ọkachasị na Carpathians, Siberia na Far East. Ọ na-emebi fir, spruce, osisi sida. Lifestylezo ndu ya na otu esi eme ya. Ọ na - eme ka osisi ndị a ghara n’osisi ghara iru n’ebe a na-egbu egbu n’ebe a na - egbu osisi na ebe a na - egbu egbu, na - eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na - enweghị atụ maka iji teknụzụ.

Emeela ịmụtachasị agụ. Ya mere, a na-eleda mkpa ha anya dị ka ọgwụ ụzụ ụzụ. Kasị ama nnukwu birch cattail (Tremex fusticornis L.). Anụmanụ na-emebi emebi. Ogologo nke nwanyị bụ 20-40 mm, nke nke nwoke bụ 18-30 mm. Ahụ nwere cylindrical flattened. Isi na obi na-adị nkọ, nke na-agbanwe agbanwe - sitere na Black ruo ọbara ọbara. Thekwụ na-acha ọbara ọbara. Inye nwa na-acha odo odo, odo nwere agba ojii nke mbu na nke etiti. Ovipositor dị mkpụmkpụ karịa afọ ime, na-enweghị ihe odide ntụkwasị. Nke nwoke dị nnọọ iche na nwanyị nke nwere agba ojii. Nwa nwa ahu bu odo-acha ọcha, cylindrical, na mkpụmkpụ (ihe ruru 4 mm) spine na-acha ọbara ọbara na agba aja na njedebe nke ahụ.

Speciesdị a juru ebe niile na USSR. Isgbọ elu ahụ na-agbatị site na July ruo October. Ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu na-abụkarị n'ọnwa Ọgọst. Nke nne na-eyi akwa n’elu akwa nke osisi birch ebelatawo. Larvae banye n'ime osisi ma, n'oge okenye, dina nnukwu amaokwu n'akụkụ okporo osisi ahụ, nnukwu mkpịsịkpọchiri jupụtara na ntụ ọka gwakọtara. Craidles ụmụ akwụkwọ agbatịkwaghị anọghị ya. Agogbọ mmiri ndị si na pupa pịpụta wee gbagoro n'elu ogwe ahụ, ahọpụtara ha site na imeghe ụzọ ụgbọ elu. Ọgbọ abụọ. Ọ bụ ihe egwu dị egwu nke birch na shelbelts, oke ohia birki na-ata ahụhụ ma ọ bụrụ na ịgbanye ahịhịa birch na ahịhịa na-ata ahụhụ. Ọ na - eme osisi enweghị atụ ma meghee ụzọ maka ọrịa fungal. Agbanyeghị, osisi a pịrị apị na-ebi naanị n'ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu.

Ọdịdị nke cattails

Ndị a nwere ogologo cylindrical ahu. A na-atụ aka azụ nke anụ ahụ. Mamụ nwanyị nwere anya doro anya, ogologo ovipositor.

Nwa nke cattail.

Larvae bụ cylindrical na udi, na etegharị ntakịrị n’ụdị leta S. Agba acha ọcha. Larvae nwere ụdị abụọ nke ụkwụ okuko ụkwụ atọ. Azụ azụ nke afọ bụ usoro a na-achọ narị.

Nnukwu akwa coniferous cattail

Ndị a pests emebi osisi nke ọ bụla conifers, ma ọtụtụ mgbe ha na-ahọrọ fir na spruce. Mgbe ụfọdụ ha na-awakpo osisi na-emebi emebi, dịka ash, birch na poplar. Ha na-ebi n’elu osisi ndị na-esighi ike, ndị ikuku kwaturu ma ọ bụ gbutuo. Mmebi nke mebiri emebi anaghị ebute ọnwụ nke osisi, mana ha na-enye aka na mmepe nke ọrịa fungal. A na-ahụta osisi nwere nnukwu cattail coniferous na-adabaghị adaba. Thisdị a juru ebe niile.

Oxtails bụ ahụhụ nke conifers.

Oke ọdụdụ cattail okenye na-ebi ihe dị ka ụbọchị 7, mana anaghị eri nri. Agba ahụ nke ebe agba bụ agba ojii, nku nku ya na-acha odo odo. Iji pụọ n'oké osisi, ebe ihe atụ tara ihe nwere oghere n'ime ya ihe dị ka 7 centimita n'ofe.

Nwanyi na - eji ovipositor eto osisi ma dobe akwa n’ebe dị ihe dị ka sentimita abụọ. Otu nwanyị na-eweta nsen 50 ruo 350. N'ime otu ọnwa, àkwá na-etolite. Larvae esite na ha, nke na ebu nri naani na nkụ dị n ’udu mmiri n’oge ọkọchị, mgbe ahụ, ha na-amị amị karịa, ma gbagote n’elu oke osisi ahụ. Ọ ga-eji nwayọ gbasaa ma jiri nwayọ tinye ya.

The cattails na-eme ije na osisi, na-emebi ogwe.

Oge larval na-ewe afọ 2-3. Pup nke larvae na-aputa na mbubreyo mmiri ma ọ bụ n'oge ọkọchị. Pupa efu, kpuchie ya na ntutu dị okpu. Oge nwata ahụ na - ewere ụbọchị asaa na asaa asaa.

Cattail na-acha anụnụ anụnụ

Ndị a pests ọgụ bụghị naanị anwụ na osisi na-adịghị ike, ma ọtụtụ mgbe viable osisi. N’ihi nke a, n’afọ na-eso ha, ha ga-akpọnwụ, karịchaa maka osisi a kụrụ. Mkpụrụ osisi pine cattail na-emebi larch, spruce na osisi ndị ọzọ. Pesti na-ahọrọ osisi nwere obere ahihia. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị a na-ebikọ ọnụ na enwe. A na-ahụ ụzọ nke ebe ebe dị site na mpụga, enwere ike ịghọta ya site na osisi ahụ nwekwara cattail.

Tailings dị gịrịgịrị n'ụgbụgbọ.

Mmebi nke ajị anụ ahụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị. Na-awakpo osisi dị ndụ, cattail abụghị nke ọrụaka, kama ọ bụ ọgwụ ahụhụ. Ahịa ndị a juru ebe niile na osisi coniferous; a na-ahụ ya na Polesie.

Catta cineil na-acha odo odo na-efe efe site na June ruo August. Otu nwanyị na-eweta àkwá 350-480, ebe ị na-etinye ya na abụọ.

Oxtails na-ata ahụhụ na osisi siri ike.

Larvae nke ahụhụ ndị a na-eme ka amaokwu ndị dị n'ụdị nke loops dị n'ọhịa. Ahịhịa na-eto n'ime amaokwu, nke na-eme ka usoro nri belata maka larvae ahụ. Nwa ahụ tozuru oke wee laghachi n’elu ogwe aka ahụ ebe ọ na-azụlite ya.

Na osisi deciduous, bayoloji ndị a pests na-amụ nke ọma, ya mere, ha nsogbu na-eleda. N'ime ụmụ ahụhụ na-emebi emebi, ihe ndị kasị ewu ewu bụ birch cattail. Cattails ndị a na-edozi na birches na-eto eto na-esighi ike.

Ọ bụrụ n ’njehie, biko họrọ mpempe ederede pịa Ctrl + Tinye.