Mpaghara ebe obibi na North America.
Agwaetiti Canada Arctic Archipelago
Polar bea, ehi ehi
Tundra na igbo tundra
Arctic na subarctic
t january -24º -32º
Iyi ahihia nke ikuku aciki
Mosses, osisi lichens na ahịhịa dwarf
Reindeer, ikwiikwii polar, partridge
Untchụ nta, igwu nri
N'agbata 65º na 55º na ọdịda anyanwụ na 53º na 48º n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ala ahụ
t january -24º -16º
Fir, fir, spruce, juniper, yew, larch
Elk, bea, wolf, fox, osa, bekee
Untchụ nta, igbutu osisi, na Ngwuputa
Oke ohia na agwakọta
Nnukwu ọdọ mmiri na oke osimiri Atlantic
t january -8º -16º
Agba aja aja, oke ohia
Oak, maple, linden, chestnut, nut, ash, birch, spruce, fir, fir
Raccoon, chipmunk, skunk, mgbada, wapiti, nnụnụ
Untchụ nta, igbutu osisi, na Ngwuputa
Nnukwu Ubi (53º na 25º N)
Na-agafeghị oke na subtropical
t january -16º + 8º
Cereals, nwoke bebe, fescue
Bison, akwara, nnụnụ, ahụhụ
Chụ nta, na-egwu ala steepụ, na-egwu Ngwuputa
Peninsula Florida Atlantic na Premexican, Mississippi Lowlands
Ajọ mmiri na udu mmiri
Yellow andwa na Red Earth
Oak, maple, linden, chestnut, ukpa, cypress, magnolia, creeper, epiphyte
Raccoon, chipmunk, skunk, deer, wapiti, nnụnụ, tolotolo, agwo, nwere, ndi ozo
Untchụ nta, igbutu osisi, na Ngwuputa
Subtropical na ebe okpomọkụ
Puma, jaguar, mgbada, tapir
Na-akọ ala
Uzara na ọzara
Peninsula California, Ugwu Rocky, nnukwu ọdọ mmiri
Tropics na subtropics
t january 0º + 8º + 16º
Solyanka, osisi igbo, osisi ogwu. Cacti, agave.
Semụ ahụhụ, ahịhịa, obere òké, agwọ
Ngwuputa nri
Na isi okwu: usoro mmepe, ihe ngosi na ndetu
Foto ndị ahụ na-egosi n'ụzọ doro anya, ederede dị mkpirikpi na-enye njirimara nke osisi flora na sauna nke kọntinenti na mpaghara eke.
Usoro mmepe nke nkuzi n’isiokwu “North America” na klas nke asaa.
Mpaghara eke uwa na North America Ihe ejikere maka ihe omumu banyere ala na klas 7.
Nchịkọta-atụmatụ nke mmụta mmụta mmụta ihe ọmụmụ dị na klas 7 1. 1. Aha onye nkuzi: Kolbanova Svetlana Vasilievna 2. Ebe ọrụ: GBOU SOSH №1 pg.t. Mpaghara ime obodo Sukhodol nke Sergiev Samara.
A gosiputara ihe ngosi a dika ihe a na-ahụ anya nke isiokwu nke mpaghara mpaghara North America (ọzara Arctic, tundra na ọhịa-tundra, taiga), ebe enwere foto nke ọdịdị ala nke mpaghara ọ bụla, ha.
Nchikota ihe omumu (uzo ije) banyere isi ihe nke mpaghara North America (ọzara Arctic, tundra na ọhịa-tundra, taiga).
Ngosiputa ihe nkuzi n’ime ihe omumu ohuru. Ihe ngosi a nwere atụmatụ mmụta, tebụl maka ụmụ akwụkwọ iji mejupụta n'oge nkuzi Foto ndị na-egosi ndị nnọchi anya anụmanụ na p.
Ọzara Arctic
A na-edokwasị eriri a bụ agwaetiti Canada Arctic Archipelago na Greenland. Okpomoku onwa di na Jenụwarị bụ ihe dịka Celsius -32, ma na July, ọ bụ sọ 0 Celsius 0. Agbanyeghị, n'oge oyi, enwere ntu oyi siri ike - ruo -50º C na n'okpuru. Ala na-abụkarị mbara ọzara, nke nwere mmiri ozuzo. Naanị ụfọdụ ndị nnọchianya nke ahịhịa nwere ike itolite n'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ. Ndi mmadu ichu nta bukwara ichu nta umu anumanu n’ebe. Ọzara Arctic bụ mpaghara pụrụ iche nke dị na ọnọdụ na-enweghị nsogbu n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe na agbaze nke permafrost.
Tundra na igbo tundra
Tundra na ọhịa-tundra na-ejikarị akụkụ ụsọ mmiri nke ugwu nke kọntinent ahụ, na-ejedebe dịka 53 digiri c. w. Ihu igwe dị ebe a adịchabeghị njọ maka ọtụtụ ụdị ụmụ anụmanụ ka ha biri: na July, okpomọkụ na-adịgide na + 8-10 Celsius, na Jenụwarị, ọ adịkarịghị karịa -24 ruo -32 Celsius A mpaghara a, tundra-gley na peaty soils na-ejupụta. . N'ebe ụfọdụ, a hụlarị ahịhịa ndụ ka njọ, ndị mmadụ na mpaghara a abụghị naanị ịchụ nta, kamakwa na-egwu ala.
Uzo di elu
A na-ekwupụta mpaghara ugwu dị elu nke North America n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke kọntinent ahụ, ebe usoro ugwu ugwu Cordillera gbatịpụrụ, yana ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ebe akụkụ ugwu ugwu Appalachi dị. Na mpaghara dị iche iche dị elu, a na-ahụta ọdịiche dị na ọdịdị:
- na Canadian Cordillera, a na-ahụkarị ọdịiche ndị dị iche iche: ala ahịhịa juru si na mpaghara mmiri, oke ọhịa na-adọrọ adọrọ na-amalite na 1000 m, ma ugwu tundra na glaciers,
- na mpaghara dị n'okpuru ala nke Sierra Nevada n'ogo nke 1500 m, oke ọhịa na-amalite, ala ahịhịa juru - 3000 m. N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke usoro ugwu ahụ, ọ fọrọ nke nta na ọ nweghị oke ọhịa, naanị steppes na ọhịa juniper ka a na-ahụ, ọzara na-agbatịkwa n'agbata ugwu ndị ahụ,
- Osimiri nke osisi dichapuru kpubere Cordillera nke USA site na Oke Osimiri Pasifik kpuchie oke ohia, oke ohia nke buru ibu na-amalite ntakịrị dị elu, na elu 3000 m - ala ahịhịa juru.
Anụmanụ ndị dị n'akụkụ ugwu adịghị iche; naanị ụdị anụmanụ ole na ole nwere ike ibi na mita 3000.
Taiga
Agafee n'etiti ogo 53 ruo 48 na. w. N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke oke ala na n'etiti ogo 65 na 55 s. w. - na West. Ihu igwe dị ebe a dị ntakịrị oge, n'oge oyi, temometa anaghị agbadata n'okpuru -24º C, ma n'oge ọkọchị enwere ihu igwe dị mma - na nkezi + 16º C. Ala dị na mpaghara a bụ eke podzolic, nke na-eme ka osisi too. Ndị mmadụ na taiga na-arụ ọrụ ịchụ nta, na-egwupụta akụ na mmiri, ma gbukpọọ osisi.
Oke ohia na agwakọta
Mpaghara ndị dị ka Great Lakes na agwaetiti Atlantic bụ mpaghara a na-ahụkarị. N'oge ọkọchị, ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ ebe a - site na +16 ruo 24 Celsius, na na Jenụwarị, oké oyi na-adịghị enwekebe, oge okpomọkụ dị ihe dị ka -16 degrees Celsius. A na-ahụkarị sọlfọ na agba ntụ. Ọnọdụ dị mma na-enye aka na ụdị anụmanụ na osisi dị iche iche.
Pekwụ (prairies) na ọhịa-steppe
Nnukwu Ubara so na mpaghara ae kere eke. Ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị mma na nke dị ala, na July ọ na-ekpo ọkụ, yana na Jenụwarị, ọ naghị adịkarị okpomọkụ karịa 16-Celsius Celsius. A na-amata ya site na mma chernozem na soils.
Atingatingomi oke ohia mmiri
Nke a bụ otu n'ime ebe ndị ala na -eme nri, n'agbanyeghị mmiri na-efekarị na ala mmiri. A na - amata ya na oke okpomọkụ dị kwa afọ dị elu - site na +20 ruo 24 Celsius, na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi, ebe okpomọkụ na-agbadata n'okpuru 0º C. Mpaghara a gụnyere Prime Mexico, Mississippian, Atlantic Florida. N'ime ala, sọlfọ na-acha odo odo na ala uhie.
Oke osisi siri ike
Ọ dị na warara warara nke ụsọ ọdịda anyanwụ nke North America na California. Oke ohia siri ike ma banye na ebe ndi ozo na etiti uwa. Oke mmiri ruru 1000 mm nke ikuku na-ada n'oké ọhịa ndị a kwa afọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-abụ oge oyi.
Ala ndị dị ebe a bụ uhie na aja aja (chestnut). Ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ, mgbe ụfọdụ snow na-ada, ma ọ na-apụ n'anya ngwa ngwa. Oke ohia siri ike site n'ọzara, savannas yana oke ohia nke ugwu di anya, yabụ osisi na uhere yiri akụkụ ndị a.
- osisi oak na nkume,
- Heather,
- myrtle,
- arbutus,
- eucalyptus,
- oliv ọhịa.
N'ime oke ọhịa siri ike, enwere anụ ọhịa wolf, mongooses, porcupine, yana ọtụtụ nnụnụ.
Savannahs
Savannahs - eriri eriri afọ nke Central America, nke ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na ebe ọdịda dị. Ala ndị dị ebe a bụ aja aja na-acha ọbara ọbara, nke na-enye ọnọdụ maka uto nke ụdị ahịhịa dị ukwuu. Ọnọdụ ndị a dịkwa mma maka ịkọ ala na ịmị mkpụrụ ọkụ na-ahụ n'anya, dịka kọfị.
Uzara na ọzara
Nke ikpeazu, dika adịghị njọ maka ndụ dịka ọzara Arctic, mpaghara ịzara na ọkara ọzara. Ha na-egosipụta mgbe niile na-ekpo ọkụ ihu igwe, naanị na January nke okpomọkụ adịkarịghị dara ka efu. California, Great Basin, ndịda nke Rockies bụ mpaghara a. Ala bụ tumadi isi awọ-agba aja aja na agba ntụ.
Mụ anụmanụ na osisi nke mpaghara mpaghara North America
Ọbụnadị n'ọzara Arctic na ebe kachasị ekpo ọkụ na North America, e nwere ndị obibi pụrụ iche. Yabụ, na mpaghara ugwu nke Arctic enwere lichens na mosses na-arụ ọrụ dị ka isi iyi nri maka lemmings na ehi ehi - anụmanụ kachasị ukwuu na mpaghara ahụ. Enwerekwa wolf polar ịtụnanya, na glaciers ndị ahụ enwere nnukwu walrus na-agba iyi. Otu n'ime ihe e ji mara ndị bi n'ọzara bụ anụ nkwụ.
Akara anụ, azụ whales na-ebi na mmiri n'ụsọ mmiri nke Arctic, na whales egbu egbu na-abanye mgbe ụfọdụ. Na n'etiti ụmụ nnụnụ - ụzọ ngere, eiders na arctic gulls.
Na tundra ọzọ - ụba mosses na lichens. Thewa anụmanụ na-abawanye ụba: ndagwurugwu, nkịta ọhịa arctic, hares na ikwiikwii na-agbakwụnyere mpempe akwụkwọ, bekee na polar bea.
Ọhia taiga bụ ahịhịa buru ibu. N'ebe a, ị nwere ike ịhụ osisi pines, spruce ojii na ọcha, yana ọgwụ balsamic fir. Aspen, birch na umu osisi ndi ozo na abughi ihe adighi ebe a. Anụmanụ ndị dị n'ọhịa taiga dị iche iche:
- munsu, wapiti,
- griizly,
- anụ ọhịa wolf na beavers,
- martens, squirrels, muskrats,
- ikwiikwii, oke ohia, ihe ndi ozo, osisi di iche iche na umu nnunu ndi ozo.
Ugwu oke ugwu bu akụnụba nke Rockies. E nwere osisi ndị na-agbaze mmiri, yana ụmụ anụmanụ dị larịị. Kacha nne, oke nkịta ọhịa, ewu na ugwu ukwu bụ ọtụtụ ndị bi na mpaghara ahụ. E nwekwara anụ ọkụkọ, nkịta ahịhịa, coyotes, baribals na griiz. Ugo a kwọchara - ihe nnọchianya nke United States - bi na mpaghara a.
Mana n’ime oke ọhịa agwakọta nke dị n’ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ụdị osisi dịgasị iche na-eto: beeches, chestnuts, paini na oku, oaks, maples and spruce. N’ebe a niile mara mma na-ebi ndụ nkịta ọhịa, anụ ọhịa wolf, squirrels, grizzlies, moose, bison, raccoons, skunks, chipmunks.
N'ime ahịhịa, ahịhịa dị ụkọ, mana enwere ọtụtụ ahịhịa ebe a: ahịhịa ọka, ahịhịa nku, bluegrass, na nke dị gịrịgịrị. Anụmanụ na-enwe nkịta anụ ọhịa na-eme nri.
Ulo di iche-iche di iche iche di iche-iche di iche-iche diri cacti, ashị, agwọ, scorpion na spide. Oke bekee, nkịta ọhịa na coyotes dị ụkọ. N’oké ọhịa ebe anwụ dị, ahịhịa na-eto nke ukwuu: cypresses, oaks, ferns, nkwụ. Oke nwamba, anụ ufe na nnụnụ na-enwu enwu dị iche iche.
Mpaghara eke North America dịkarịsịrị iche dịka eriri nke Eurasia. E nwere ọtụtụ anụmanụ dị ịtụnanya na anụmanụ na osisi, ụfọdụ n'ime ha chọrọ nchedo nke ọma.
Etu esi achọputa uzo ihe na North America
A pụrụ ịchọpụta zoonu na North America n'ụzọ doro anya site na ikuku. Site na Osimiri Ukwu ma gaa na ndịda, ịgwakọta nke okike pụtara n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ - site na West ruo East ruo na Ugwu Rocky. Nke a bụ n'ihi ikuku erughị ala n'okpuru arụmọrụ nke oke osimiri.
Mpaghara okike nke North America nwere njirimara njirimara nke Eurasia (na ugwu ugwu) na South America (na ndịda).
Fig. 1. Maapụ Uzo Ahia nke North America
Ka anyị tụlee nkọwa zuru ezu banyere mpaghara mpaghara nke kọntinent a site na iji tebụl.
Isiokwu "ebumpụta ụwa ebe North America"
Mpaghara aha
Ọnọdụ ebe obibi
Vegwa akwụkwọ nri
Imalmụ anụmanụ
Stony, mpaghara mpaghara permafrost
Lemation, nkịta ọhịa Arctic, ehi ehi
Mpaghara Arriiki nke Ugwu Arctic
Moss, lichen, ahihia, ahihia
Grizzly black bear, munsu, bison ọhịa, lynx, skunk, muskrat
Nnukwu warara na latitude north
Balsam fir, spruce ojii na ọcha, paini
Forestgwakọta na oke ohia
Ọ na-adaba na mpaghara ihu igwe dị ọkụ
Oke ohia Brown, sod-podzolic
Maple, beech, birch odo, osisi tulip, paini uhie
Bison, agba agba aja aja, lynx.
Umu oke ohia na ukwu
Praịmarị - akụkụ dị nso nke dị nso n’elu ugwu
Creeals, ahịhịa bison, feskin
Coyote, òké, oke bekee, nkịta ahịhịa
Mpaghara ihu igwe nke Subtropical
Osisi odo na akwa odo
Oak, magnolia, nkwụ, cypress
Anụ ọhịa kpochapụrụ
Semi ala ịkpa na ala ịkpa
Inland Cordillera
Wormwood, hodgepodge, cactus, agave
Ihe na-akpụ akpụ, mkpanaka, armadillo
Osisi savannah nke mmiri ozuzo na oke ohia mmiri ozuzo
Ala uhie na aja aja na agba aja aja
Ahịhịa akụ
Anụ ọhịa kpochapụrụ
Ọnọdụ Arctic
N’agwaetiti ugwu nke kọntinent ahụ, na Greenland na akụkụ nke agwaetiti Canada, enwere ebe obibi ikuku. Ọzara na-achịkwa mbara ala arctic kpuchie ya, na n'ebe ụfọdụ licens na mosses na-eto. Oge oyi ga-adị n'etiti -32-40 Celsius, ma n’oge ọkọchị ọ gaghị akarị +5 degrees. Na Greenland, ntu oyi nwere ike ịbelata -0 degrees. Na ihu igwe a, ikuku mmiri na ikuku na-efe efe oge niile. Mmiri mmiri ozuzo nke afọ anaghị agafe mm 250mm, na-abụkarị snow.
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Ogige subarctic ahụ bụ Alaska na north Canada. N'oge oyi, ọtụtụ ikuku si Arctic na-akwaga ebe a ma weta nnukwu frosts. N'oge ọkọchị, okpomọkụ nwere ike ịrị elu ruo +16. Mbupu mmiri na-ada kwa afọ 100-500 mm. Ikuku ebea adighi nma.
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Ọnọdụ ihu igwe na-agwụ ike
Ọtụtụ ebe na-ekpuchi North America site na ihu igwe dị mma, mana ebe dị iche iche enwere ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị iche, dabere na mmiri. Mee mpaghara mmiri dị n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ, na mpaghara nwa oge - n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na kọntinent - n'etiti. N'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ anaghị agbanwe nke ukwuu n'ime afọ, mana enwere nnukwu mmiri - 2000-3000 mm kwa afọ. Na akụkụ etiti, oge ọkọchị na-ekpo ọkụ, oyi ga-adị oyi, yana mmiri ozuzo nkezi. N'ebe ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ, ụla oyi na-adịtụ oyi ma oge okpomọkụ adịghị; ọdịda dị ihe dị ka 1000 mm kwa afọ. Ebe okike di ndi ozo di iche iche n’ebe a: taiga, steppe, oke ohia na nke sara mbara.
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Na mpaghara dị ala, nke na-ekpuchi ebe ndịda United States na ebe ugwu Mexico, oge ọkọchị na-ajụ oyi ma ọ dịkarịa ala ọnọdụ okpomọkụ anaghị agbada n'okpuru ogo 0. N'oge oyi, udu mmiri, ikuku dị elu na-adị, na oge ọkọchị, ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ. E nwere mpaghara atọ mpaghara a nke ihu igwe: a na-eji mmiri ndị ọdịda anyanwụ dochie anya ọdịda anyanwụ na ọdịda anyanwụ nke dị n'okpuru ala.
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Ọnọdụ ihu igwe
Akụkụ dị ukwuu nke Central America na-ekpuchi site na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ. N'ala niile enwere oke mmiri: site na 250 ruo 2000 mm kwa afọ. Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka enweghị oge oyi, oge ọkọchị na-achịkwa oge niile.
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Otu obere akụkụ nke mpaghara North America mpaghara mpaghara nwere mpaghara ihu igwe nwere. Ọ na-ekpo ọkụ oge niile, ọdịda na-ada n'oge ọkọchị na ọnụọgụ 2000-3000 mm kwa afọ. Na ihu igwe a enwere oke ohia, savannah na ohia ndi di nfe.
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A na-achọta North America na mpaghara niile nke ihu igwe, ewezuga eriri belikọm. N'ebe enwere ubochị akpọ, udu mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, na mpaghara ụfọdụ ihu igwe ụbọchị a na-ahụkarị. Nke a na-emetụta ụdị dịgasị iche iche nke osisi na ahịhịa na ala ndị mmadụ.
Nkọwa nke mpaghara eke
Mpaghara oke ọhịa bụ ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ala mmiri. Ndị kachasị ewu ewu bụ agwakọta ma jigide. Na North America (Canada), ụdị taiga na-ejupụta. A na-eji steepụ edochi mpaghara ọhịa ahụ.
Ugbo ala dị larịị nwere ahịhịa dị elu, nke ọ na-enweghị oké ọhịa.
Udiri dị na North America dị n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Central Plain. Ndị a bụ nnukwu ọka ọka (Iowa, USA). Otu ọnọdụ a na-ahụ na mpaghara nke steppes na ọhịa-steppe. Ebe ọ bụ na mpaghara atọ ndị a nwere ala na-akọ nri, ndị ọrụ ugbo na-akọcha ha.
Ruo ugbu a, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ebibie anụ ọhịa nke mpaghara ukwu na oke ọhịa.Nari abuo gara aga, anumanu bison na ohia diri ebea, mana ugbua igha zute obere nkịta, dika igwe ohia, na udiri anumanu, nke na abia nso n’ebe ndi mmadu no na acho nri.
West of Great Greatin bụ ala dị larịị, ebe 500-600 mm dara na otu afọ. ọdịda. Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọzara, yabụ na owuwe ihe ubi anaghị ekwe nkwa. A na-eji ahịhịa dị n’akụkụ ahịhịa eme ihe n’ebe a na-azụ anụ ụlọ.
N'ebe ndịda nke ala ndị mmadụ na-enwe ọzara. Ọ bụbu ala nke igwu ọlaedo. N'etiti ájá ị nwere ike ịchọta ebe ili ozu nke obodo, ndị ndụ ha, n'oge ụfọdụ, agafeghị afọ 50.
Fig. 3. Oke ohia nke North America
Mpaghara subtropical sitere na 38 Celsius ruo 20 Celsius. Nke a bụ ókèala ndịda United States na n'ebe ugwu Mexico. N'agwaetiti Atlantic dị n'akụkụ a bụ ebe njem nlegharị anya kachasị ewu ewu. Nke a abụghị ihe ijuanya, maka na ihu igwe ebe a dị ezigbo ọkụ, ọ fọrọ obere ka ọ bụrụ oge oyi - ọ na-ajụ ntakịrị oyi. Mgbanwe Belt na mpaghara a na-eme site na ọdịda anyanwụ ruo ọwụwa anyanwụ.
Gịnị ka anyị mụrụ?
Mpaghara eke North America nwere ụfọdụ atụmatụ atụnyere Eurasia. Mgbanwe nke mpaghara ebe a na - ewere ọnọdụ na mpaghara latitude ndị ọzọ, n'ihi ya, ihu igwe ebe a dị ntakịrị. Ọ bụghị naanị na kehoraizin, kamakwa vetikal nwere ike ịchọta, nke bụ nsonazụ nke mmetụta oke ikuku nke oke osimiri.
Onu ogugu
Onu ogugu ndi mmadu bi na North America bu ndi si mba ozo nke Europe bia site na UK. ya Ndị America US na ndị Anglịkanha na asụ bekee. Cmụ ndị Fada kwagara Canada na-asụ French.
Indmụ amaala bi n'obodo ndị ukwu - Ndị India na Eskimos. Ndị a bụ akụkụ nke American nke agbụrụ Mongoloid. Ndị sayensị achọpụtala na ndị India na Eskimos si Eurasia. Ọtụtụ ndị India (ihe dị ka nde 15). Ọtụtụ n'ime ebo ndị ahụ lekwasịrị anya na ndịda Mexico (Azteks, Maya), ebe o guzobere steeti nke ya, ọdịiche dị n'obodo na ọdịbendị ọdịbendị etolite etolitebere ya. Site na mbata nke ndị colonialism, ihe ga-adakwasị ndị India dị njọ: e kpochapụrụ ha, chụpụrụ ha n'ala ndị na-eme nri, ha nwụrụ n'ọrịa ndị Europe butere.
Na XVII - XVIII narị afọ. ịrụ ọrụ na ahịhịa na North America e si Africa bute ndi ojii. E rere ha dị ka ndị ohu nke ndị na-akpa ụgbọ mmiri.
Onu ogugu ndi mmadu nke North America di ihe Nde mmadụ 480. Ndịda ebe ndịda mmadụ kacha biri na ya. Nnukwu ọnụọgụ ndị bi na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ. Obodo kachasị ukwuu dị na mpaghara North America: New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Montreal, wdg.
North America nwere obodo kachasị mmepe n'ụwa - United States of America. N'ebe ugwu nke isi US bụ obodo ọzọ buru ibu - Canada, na ndịda - Mexico. Na Central America na agwaetiti Caribbean, enwere obere obodo: Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Jamaica na ndị ọzọ Republic of Cuba dị n'agwaetiti Cuba na obere agwaetiti ndị dị n'akụkụ.
Nchịkọta nke ihe mmụta dị na North America. Mpaghara eke. Onu ogugu ”.
Isiokwu na-esote: “Eurasia. Ọnọdụ ala "